The Baroness is clearly identi?ed with the General in the anonymous article “Refugee Baroness Poses as a Model,”

5. Hugo Freiherr von Freytag-Loringhoven (1855–1924) was Lieutenant General, Chief of the Supplementary General Staff of the German Army, and often a spokesperson in international contexts. 2. The General’s incendiary views, as expressed in his book Deductions from the World War (which claimed, even before the war ended, that Germany would ?ght another world war to gain “worldpower”), are featured in the anonymous article “What Germany Has Not Learned in This War,” Literary Digest 56, no. 9 (March 2, 1918), 19–22.

6. Jane Heap, “Dada,” Little Review 8, no. 2 (Spring 1922), 46. Heap, along with Margaret Anderson, was one of the Baroness’s most solid supporters; the two women published her fantastic modernist poems in the Little Review. 7. Daniel Sherman, The Construction of Memory in Interwar France (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999), 8, 67. 8. W. B. Yeats, from his poem “The Second Coming” (1921), cited in Richard Cork, A Bitter Truth: Avant-Garde Art and the Great War (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994), 260; my emphasis. 9.